极低出生体重儿乳糜胸1例并文献复习

Chylothorax of a very low birth weight infant and literature review

目的探讨新生儿乳糜胸的临床特点,诊疗方法,提高对本病的认识。方法整理分析本科自开科以来收治的第一例新生儿乳糜胸的临床表现、实验室检查、影像学检查、诊疗过程等资料,并进行相关文献学习。结果该患儿临床表现为呼吸急促、肤色发绀、心率增快,X线胸片及心脏B超提示左侧胸腔积液,胸腔穿刺积液乳糜实验阳性,经呼吸机辅助通气、禁食、胸腔穿刺术后病情好转,乳糜胸未再复发。结论新生儿乳糜胸若能及时发现,患儿可通过内科保守治疗治愈,预后良好。

ObjectiveThis study was aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and diagnosis methods of newborns with chylothorax and raise awareness of the disease.Method The clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, imaging changes, and treatment process of the first case of neonatal chylothorax in our hospital were collected and analyzed.Result The clinical manifestations were tachypnea, cyanosis and high heart rate.The chest X‐ray and echocardiography showed a left pleural effusion.The chyle test was positive. By treatment of mechanical ventilation, fasting, and thoracocentesis, the baby got better and the chylothorax did not relapse.ConclusionThe majority of cases with neonatal chylothorax can be cured with medical conservative treatments and have good prognosis if they get early diagnosis and treatment timely and effectively.