北约与北极——兼论相关国家对北约介入北极的立场

Arctic and NATO——Also on the Arctic Countries' Attitudes on NATO's Involvement in the Arctic

北极拥有丰富的资源和航运潜力,其潜在的安全威胁也在逐步显现。作为拥有5个北极国家的军事政治组织,北约一方面希望在北极发挥重要作用,另一方面却未能推出统一的北极战略或政策。本文在分析8个北极国家对北约介入北极的立场后发现,内部难以达成一致和外部存在压力两方面原因,造成了北约对待介入北极态度的现状。尽管如此,北约确实有在北极发挥作用的主观意愿和客观需求。因此,北约在短期内不会高调介入北极,但可能会寻求低调发挥实质性作用。中国在北极安全问题上最好采取"冷静观察,有所作为"的态度。

The Arctic has great potentialities in natural resources and shipping uses,with which new security threats are emerging. As an important military and political organization with five Arctic countries,NATO wants to play an important role in the Arctic on the one hand,but fails to introduce a unified Arctic strategy or policy on the other hand. The article analyses the eight Arctic countries' attitudes towards NATO's involvement in the Arctic,finds that there are two reasons behind this phenomenon: the internal disagreement and external pressure. Nevertheless,NATO still has subjective intentions and objective demands to play a role in the Arctic. Against this backdrop,NATO will try to play a low- key but substantive role in the Arctic,other than make high- key involvement in the region in short term. From this case,the author suggests that China should take a 'Calm Observation and Making Difference'attitude towards Arctic's security issues.