海上能源通道安全与中国海权发展

Security of Maritime Energy Channels and the Development of China's Sea Power

凭借全球军事投射能力,美国能在中国难以掌控的国际能源咽喉要道影响中国海外能源供应。限于自身实力,中国在近期内奉行搭便车战略是潜在的政策选择,但难免会受制于人。中美两国的竞争关系,以及两国在海洋领域矛盾的凸显,决定了中国在中长期时段必须采取自助战略,发展本国的海上力量。对此,中国在推进陆上油气通道建设的同时,还应做好以下几方面工作:制定相应的国家海洋发展战略;发展一支能执行多种任务的蓝水海军;提高海上公共产品的供应能力;加强对国际海洋法体系的研究与建设;发展本国的海运能力和造船工业。

With its global power projections,the US can influence China's overseas energy supply at the world's energy channels and choke points that are difficult for China to control. Limited by its own capacity, China has to adopt a'free rider'strategy,despite being strategically restricted by other states. Due to the competitive relationship between China and the US and various China- US maritime conflicts,China is determined to develop its sea power as a self- help strategy. To that end,in addition to promoting the construction of land pipelines China ought to 1) frame a corresponding national maritime development strategy; 2) develop a blue-water navy that can perform a variety of missions; 3) improve the supply capacity of public goods at sea; 4) reinforce research of and contributions to the international marine law system; and 5) develop commercial fleet and shipbuilding industry.