南京国民政府初期省级教育行政与省教育经费独立

Provincial Educational Administration and Independence of Provincial Educational Funds in the Early Period of Nanjing National Government

南京国民政府成立后,省教育经费独立制度化进程起步,大学院、教育部、中央政府相继颁布法令,保障省教育经费独立。全国多数省份积极贯彻,出现了完全独立、部分独立、未能独立三种形态并存的局面。在此过程中,各省省级教育行政机构做了大量的工作,但因教育厅长频易、税源难以保证、省教育专款征收机构混乱等因素的干扰,省教育经费独立遭遇了阻力。

After the establishment of Nanjing National Government,the institutionalization of independence of provincial educational funds had been started.The University Council,the Ministry of Education and the central government had promulgated acts and regulations one after another,to ensure the independence of provincial educational funds.Most of the provinces in the whole country had implemented acts and regulations actively.It appeared a coexisting situation of three forms:entire independence,partial independence,no independence.The provincial educational administration of all provinces had done a lot of work during this process.However,it was also encountered heavy resistance due to some serious factors,namely,the frequent changes of Education Director-General,the insecurity of tax sources,the messy collecting institutions of provincial educational funds.