流动、位置与关联:解读贵州山地民族与国家互动历史的角度

Mobility,Positionality,and Relationality: A View of Examining the Interactional History Between Guizhou Highland Ethnic Groups and State

人文世界是一块充满着动态和相互关联的领域,也是人们与周围环境互动的过程。诸如文明、国家、民族、社会的概念都可理解为关系的建构。贵州可为考察这样一种关系建构的人文景观之地。本篇基于流动性(Mobility)、位置性(Positionality)与关联性(Relationality)的观点,分别从文明与野蛮、国家与无国家、高地与河谷、山地与边缘等维度,将贵州置于纳入一个互动的空间场域,分析历史上贵州的山地族群如何根据自己的位置性(Positionality),能动地采取多种策略与部落、国家进行互动;如何以灵活的他者(Flexible others)印象建构自己文化认同;如何以一幅多面相、混杂化(Hybridization)的人文图景去诠释着当地人对于文明、无国家、山地社会以及边缘性的理解。

The world of humanism is a field of dynamic and mutual relations,which constitutes an interconnected process to posit the interspace between the individual and its environment. All concepts like' civilization', ' state','society',and 'culture'have been understood as bundles of relationships. In light of the view of mobility,positionality,relationality, this essay, respectively, from the multi-dimension of civilization and barbarism, states and non-states,highlands and valleys, mountains and marginality, places Guizhou into a interactional spatial field, examining how do Guizhou ethnic groups intermixed in the mountainous areas dynamically have taken various strategies to interact with tribes and states in the history;how do these ethnic groups have adopted flexible others image to construct their own cultural identity; how do they, with a humanistic landscape of multiple facets and hybridization, interpret the understanding of civilization,non-states,mountainous society,and marginality.