满语使用及其衰微研究——以清代黑龙江地区为例

The Research on the Use and Decline of the Manchu:As the Region of Hei Longjiang in Qing Dynasty a Case

黑龙江地区满语的使用开始于清入关前后,康熙时期,官方及民间出现满语使用的繁荣。与辽宁、吉林相比,黑龙江满语衰落时间相对较晚。至光绪中期,由于大量移民的进入及满汉融合的不断深入,满语开始出现衰微,清末民初,满语已基本被汉语所取代。

The Manchu began to be used in the region of Hei Longjiang around when the Manchu army entered the Shan Haiguan Pass. At the period of Emperor Kang Xi,booms of Manchu emerged in official and folk. Compared with Liao Ning and Ji Lin province, the time of the Manchu waning in the area of Hei Longjiang was relatively later. To the medium-term of Emperor Guang Xu, the Manchu started to decline due to a large number of immigrants entering and integration of Man and Han culture deep continually. At the period of late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,the Manchu language had been replaced by the Chinese.