中国区域能源贫困综合评价

A Comprehensive Assessment of China's Regional Energy Poverty

中国居民部门存在的能源贫困现象可能会成为改善民生的阻碍,对能源贫困的综合测度及评估分析是认清中国当前能源贫困现状的重要环节,也是国家制定缓解能源贫困政策的前提。在理清中国能源贫困概念和国际能源贫困评估方法基础上,构建了四维度中国区域能源贫困评估指标体系,用以评估中国区域能源贫困现状及变化趋势。研究认为:随着中国经济社会发展,2000—2011年间中国整体能源贫困状况呈自然减缓趋势,但能源贫困问题未来持续大幅减缓还需要依赖政府的重视和专项应对政策的出台和实施;中国区域间能源贫困状态及其减缓速度很不一致,在制定全国能源贫困减缓政策时应充分考虑区域差异,抓住导致不同地区能源贫困的主要矛盾;能源贫困在中国的区域分布情况与中国经济发展水平的区域分布情况并不一致,减缓能源贫困政策实施对象选择和区域投入比例的确定,应区别于其他促进经济社会发展、提升基础建设、改善民生的相关政策。

Energy poverty is considered as one of the most important issues related to development, and it could restrict further social and economic development. Measuring energy poverty provides the basis for analyzing the status quo of energy poverty and formulating policy initiatives aimed at alleviating the problem of China. This paper proposed a new composite index, China's regional energy poverty index, to measure the regional energy poverty based on international and Chinese energy poverty definitions. This paper found that the severity of energy poverty of China showed downward trend from 2000 to 2011, but to further alleviate energy poverty significantly will rely on specific policies of the government; the rate of energy poverty alleviation is quite different among Chinese provinces, and thus, when developing national energy poverty mitigation policies, the government should consider the regional differences, and focus on the main cause of energy poverty in each region; energy poverty and economic poverty are not consistent in China, so that the policies which aim at alleviating energy poverty should be different from other policies which aim at promoting economic development, upgrading infrastructure and improving people's livelihood in China.