汉代的胡冠与鹖冠考

Hu Guan and He Guan in Han Dynasty

赵武灵王实行"胡服骑射"时,将"胡服"引入了中原地区。"胡服"亦包含冠饰。王国维认为冠上插"貂蝉"的"赵惠文冠"与加双"鹖尾"的"鹖冠(亦称(鸟夋)(鸟义)冠)"均出自"胡俗",属于"胡服之冠"。根据对文献的梳理,冠上插"貂蝉"为饰的属于"胡服之冠",是由胡地传入中原的;而冠上加双"鹖尾"为饰的"鹖冠(亦称(鸟夋)(鸟义)冠)"并非来自驭胡地,是中原地区的服饰。另外,汉代这两种冠均属武冠。

'Hu Fu',the Hu(styled)attire was introduced into the central plains,when King Wu Ling of Zhao,the king of the State of Zhao during the Warring States period,implemented'Hu Fu Qi She',wearing the Hu(styled)attire and shooting from horseback(in battle).The'Hu Fu'includes crown decorations.Wang Guowei thought that'Zhao Huiwen Guan'with'Diao Chan'as a decoration,and'He Guan'(also known as Jun Yi Guan)with double'He tails'as a decoration,were both from the Hu customs,belonging to crowns of'Hu Fu'.According to the relevant literature,this paper finds out that crowns with'Diao Chan'decoration is the crown of'Hu Fu'which is imported from Hu to the central plains,while crowns with double'He tails'as a decoration are'He Guan'(also known as Jun Yi Guan)which are the costumes of central plains rather than the costumes of Hu.Furthermore,both of them are warrior crowns.