资源依赖、有效需求不足与企业科技创新挤出——基于全国省域层面的实证

Resource dependency,effective demand shortage and crowding out of innovation in enterprises:An empirical study based on the data of China's provinces

科技创新挤出是资源型区域创新驱动战略实施的主要障碍。本文从企业创新有效需求不足角度分析资源依赖对科技创新的挤出效应。在资源依赖的形成中资源企业受限于产品同质、资源高收益而缺乏创新动力和能力,制造业企业在要素流动作用下出现萎缩且有创新动力无能力,进而资源企业、制造业企业创新有效需求不足带来创新挤出。实证结果显示我国省域层面存在资源依赖对大中型工业企业的创新挤出,发现我国资源型区域企业创新存在效率低下、规模报酬递减、劳动投入贡献低等问题。最后指出要从增强资源企业、制造业企业创新动力和能力入手,提升创新有效需求,实现科技创新内生化。

The crowding out of innovation is a major obstacle to implementing the innovation driven strategy. From the perspective of effective demand shortage of enterprises' innovation,the paper analyzes the crowding out effect of innovation from resource dependency. In the formation of resource dependency,the resource enterprises lack driving force and ability due to limitation of product homogeneity and high resource revenue; the manufacturing enterprises appear recession in the flow of factors and have driving force without ability. Then the effective demand shortage of enterprises' innovation leads to the crowding out of innovation. The empirical result shows that the crowding out of large and medium-sized enterprises' innovation from resource dependency exists in China; and there are several problems of enterprises' innovation in China's resource-based regions,such as inefficiency,decreasing returns to scale and low contribution of labor input. Finally,the paper suggests strengthening the driving force and ability of enterprises,promoting the effective demand of innovation,and realizing endogenous innovation.