自觉与自由——儒家私学课程思想及现实意义

Self-consciousness and Freedom: Curriculum Thought in Confucian Private Schools and its Realistic Significance

自由是促进学生全面发展的必要条件。以孔子为代表的我国古代儒家私学课程呈现出促进个人自发性和判断力发展的自觉特征。这一自觉特征不仅表现在儒家私学以行合知的课程形态中,而且体现在内克外推、共通于乐的课程心理结构中。对儒家私学课程中自觉思想的开掘,不仅有助于揭示培养学生全面发展的根基,而且有助于洞见致使这一根基松动的缘由。

Freedom is the necessary condition to promote students' all-round development. Regarding confucius as the representative,the curriculum in ancient Chinese Confucian private schools showed the conscious characteristics in enhancing individuals' development of spontaneousness and judgment. This feature was not only reflected in the curriculum morphology of the integration of knowledge to action,but also in the curriculum psychological structure of inward restraint,considerateness of others in one's own place,common sense of happiness. The development of consciousness through curriculum in Confucian private schools not only helps to reveal the cultural foundation of all-round development of students,but also is conducive to a deep insight into reasons why the foundation is weak.