初为人师的困惑与解决——实习教师“现实冲击”的理论模型构建

The Confusion of Student Teacher and its Solution: A theoretical Model of Student Teachers' “Reality Shock”

实习教师在初次接触教育实践过程中,几乎都会体验到理想与现实不相符合的"现实冲击"(reality shock)。这一现象不仅会严重影响教育实习的积极作用,还可能导致实习教师在入职阶段的适应困难,甚至放弃教师职业,因此引起了越来越多研究者的关注。在国内外相关研究成果的基础上,构建了实习教师"现实冲击"的理论模型。该模型对"现实冲击"的内容、结果和影响因素三个方面进行了系统的分析和总结,有利于实习教师自身、师范院校以及实习学校进一步认识这一现象,并采取合理的措施,改善教育实习现状。

In teaching practices,'reality shock'which refers to the dissonance between ideal and reality is inevitable for almost every student teacher. This phenomenon will not only impair the effects of teaching practice,but also lead to the novice teachers' poor adaptation and even the decision of leaving the teaching position,which thus arouses much concern of more and more researchers. A theoretical model of student teachers' 'reality shock'is established based on previous pertinent researches. This model systematically analyses and summarizes the content,consequences,and impact factors of'reality shock',and it is helpful for student teachers,normal colleges,and practice schools to understand this phenomenon more deeply,and take steps to improve the situation of teaching practices.