民国时期安徽宣城侨乐村初探

On Overseas Chinese Village of Xuancheng in Anhui Province during the Republic of China

侨乐村,建址于安徽宣城慈溪,于1935年6月15日开幕,是国民政府为救济失业归国华侨而成立的大型华侨垦殖农场,也是民国时期政府对归国难侨救济的新尝试。作为近代以来中央政府对归国难侨首次国家层面的救济,侨乐村的设立意义重大。政府首创的国家农垦模式及其对归侨的管理制度,在当时农本经济为主的中国做到了"地尽其利,人尽其才",为抗战期间的国民政府和之后的人民政府处理类似的华侨问题提供了极其宝贵的经验和救侨思路。

Overseas Chinese village,located in Cixi,Xuancheng City,Anhui Province,opened on June 15,1935,was a large overseas Chinese reclamation farm,which was established by the national government for the relief of the unemployment returned Overseas Chinese. It was a new attempt made by the government during the period of the Republic of China. As the first national-level relief made by the then central government,the establishment of Overseas Chinese village was of great significance. Agricultural reclamation mode and management system of returned Overseas Chinese,initiated by government,had tapped manpower,land and material resources to the full. It provided the extremely valuable experience and the way of thinking on the relief of Overseas Chinese to deal with similar problem of Overseas Chinese for the national government during the period of Anti-Japanese War and the People's government afterwards.