中国体育用品制造业全要素生产率变化及其影响因素研究

Research on Total Factor Productivity Change and Its Influencing Factors of Sports Goods Manufacturing in China

基于2004～2011年14个省区的面板数据，测算中国体育用品制造业的M almquist生产率指数的结果显示，全要素生产率总体上呈现增长态势，年均增长3．1％，全要素生产率增长的主要动力来自技术进步，技术效率特别是规模效率产生了制约作用。基于动态面板模型的影响因素分析结果显示，发明专利授权量对全要素生产率增长有显著负向影响，而企业规模、人力资本和人均文教娱乐消费支出有显著正向影响。因此，提升中国体育用品制造业全要素生产率的基本思路在于，加大研发投入和人力资本投资，促进技术水平与人力资本的稳步提升；扩大企业规模，走规模化和集约化并重的发展道路。

According to the results of calculating Malmquist productivity index in the sports goods manufacturing in China based on the panel data of 14 provinces from 2004 to 2011 ,total factor productivity shows an overall growth with an annual growth of 3 .1%and its main driving force are technological progress and technical efficiency especially scale efficiency which produces restrictive effects .Based on the analysis of the influencing factors of dynamic panel model ,the number of invention patent grants has a signifi‐cant negative effect on total factor productivity growth ,while the enterprise scale ,human capital and per capita spending on culture , education and entertainment have a significant positive effect .Therefore ,this paper suggests that the improvement of total factor productivity of our sports goods manufacturing lies in the increased investment in research and development and human capital which will steadily promote technical level and human capital ;as well as the enlargement of enterprise -scale and following the large-scale and intensive development path .