论少林武学与道家功法、禅学思想的融合

On the Integration of Shaolin Martial Arts,Taoist Exercises and Thoughts of Zen

运用文献资料、历史研究和逻辑分析等研究方法,从气论观、天人合一观、阴阳五行观的角度阐述了少林武学与道家功法之间的融合关系。研究认为:道家功法中的"缘督"、"守静"、"导引"、"吐纳"、"听炁"、"心斋"、"坐忘"、"存神"、"守一"蕴含着丰富的生命哲学、自然哲学和精神哲学观;由禅定、禅观、禅风、禅法等引申出来的禅语开辟了中国古代禅学思想的先河;少林武学流派由僧稠开创具有时间、武术、禅学造诣上的科考依据;道家功法的气论观、天人合一观、阴阳五行观,以及禅学思想的禅观、禅定、禅风之法对少林武学产生了极为深远的影响,这些文化之间的相互融合,丰富了少林武学文化内涵,形成了独具特色的少林武学技击、技理和技法风格。

Trough applying documentary,historical research and logic analysis,the paper introduces the convergent relationship between the Shaolin martial arts and Taoist exercises from the perspectives of the Qi theory,the ideology of unity between man and nature and the theory of yin and yang and five elements.The study suggests that 'Yuandu','keeping quiet(Shuojing)','guidance(Daoyin)','breathing(Tuna)','listening(Tingqi)','fasting of the mind(Xinzhai)','sitting in oblivion(Zuowang)','visualizing spirit(Cunshen)' and 'maintaining oneness(Shouyi)' in Taoist exercises contain the profound life philosophy,natural philosophy and spiritual philosophy.The Zen proverbs derived from Zen pause,Zen meditation,Zen style and Zen technique have drawn the prelude to the thoughts of the ancient Chinese Zen.The genre of Shaolin martial arts was created by Monk chou,and it has scientific expedition bases in time,martial arts and Zenism.The Qi theory,the ideology of unity between man and nature and the theory of yin and yang and five elements of Taoist exercises and Zen pause,Zen meditation,Zen style and Zen technique of Zenism have profound impact on Shaolin martial arts.The integration of these cultures has enriched the culture of Shaolin martial arts and formed unique styles and techniques of Shaolin martial arts.