博白水鸣粤语有多少个声调?——汉语方言极限声调清单声学实验分析之一

How Many Tones Are There in Shuiming Cantonese:A Report on Acoustic Analysis of Extreme Tone Inventories across Chinese Dialects

文章是汉语方言极限声调清单的研究报告之一。对四名水鸣镇粤语(地佬话)发音人声调语音的声学分析表明,现水鸣镇粤语有13个声调,其中舒声8调,入声5调。研究发现,水鸣镇粤语存在系统的"送气分调"现象,在平、上、去、入四类声调中各形成一个送气调,并有一定程度的"送气消失"发生;阳上则分化消失,主要派入送气上、阳去等调。水鸣镇粤语是目前见于报道证实的汉语方言最大单字调清单。汉语方言极限声调清单研究还有大量的工作需要做。

This paper is one of the researching reports of extreme tone inventories across Chinese dialects.The acoustical analysis conducted on sound recordings of 4native informants shows that the Cantonese dialect in Shuiming Town(Dilao Hua)has 13 citation tones(8smooth tones and 5checked tones).Aspiration tone division in Shuiming Cantonese is discussed in this article.All the four tone categories(referring to level,rising,departing and enter(checked)or Ping,Shang,Qu and Ru respectively)have generated aspiration tones systematically.Aspiration attrition is in progress to some extent.Yangshang(voiced-rising)tone has disintegrated,mainly split into the aspirated Shang and Yangqu(voiced-departing)tones.Shuiming Cantonese has the largest tone inventory in Chinese dialects ever reported.Nevertheless,much more researches should be done on the extreme tone inventories across Chinese dialects.