从王世贞对扬雄赋论的“误”引看明中期的赋学复古

Thoughts of Wang Shizhen's intentional error quotation “Fu in the Book of Odes are elegant and orthodox”

王世贞引扬雄"诗人之赋丽以则"为"诗人之赋典以则",明代以来都没有得到注意。实际上这种看似漫不经心的改动,代表着王世贞与扬雄截然不同的辞赋观,也反映了明代中期辞赋领域的一场复古运动。而通过对"典"的独特的学术内涵的解析,可以更清晰地认识这场复古运动的本质:一方面是古典的经学精神对当代轻浮淫靡文风的反哺,一方面又是朝廷吏治精神在文学界的延伸。而在赋学领域,"典"与"丽"的交错有着清晰的演进历程,反映了两种文化精神的平衡和较量。

Wang shizhen changed Yang Xiong’s statement “Fu in the Book of Odes are beautiful and orthodox” into “Fu in the Book of Odes are elegant and orthodox”, which didn’t get enough attention since the Ming dynasty. Actually this seemingly casual changes, represents Wang Shizhen and Yang Xiong different views of Fu, it also reflects a retro movement in the field of Fu in mid-Ming dynasty. Based on the academic connotation of “Dian”, we can know more clearly the nature of the retro movement. On the one hand it is the classical spirit of contemporary Confucianism frivolous decay style of feedback. On the one hand, it is an extension of the spirit of government bureaucracy in the literary world. And in the field of Fu, the crisscross of “Dian” and “Li” has a clear evolution course, reflecting the balance of two kinds of cultural spirit and fight.