差异监管下的小微企业贷款风险研究

The Research on the Loan Risks of Micro and Small Enterprises under the Differentiated Supervision

小微企业融资困难是主要经济体普遍经历过的难题,各国尝试通过多种政策倾斜对其发展进行扶持,差异性监管是其中重要的一环。我国从货币政策、监管政策等多个角度鼓励金融机构支持小微企业发展,但一些由差异化政策引发的潜在风险也存在显性化的可能。诸如业务创新引发的风险变异、监管放宽背景下的内部风险约束不足等问题均可能诱发系统性金融风险。虽然通过引进、探索风险管理技术,国内银行不断完善和提高自身风险控制能力,但由于经营理念、业务范围、经营集中度等方面的约束和影响,小微企业贷款仍然具有较高的风险性,需要外部监管部门和金融机构自身从多方面强化风险控制,防范周期性风险形成和蔓延。

The difficulty in financing for micro and small enterprises is generally experienced by major economies, and many countries try to implement a variety of favored policies to support their development, and differentiated supervision is one of the important links. In China, monetary and supervisory policies have been used to support the development of micro and small enterprises from many angles, but some potential risks caused by differentiated policies also may be made explicit. The problems such as risk aberrance caused by the business innovation and inadequate internal risk restraint under the background of easing the regulation may be likely to cause systemic financial risk. Although by introducing and exploring the risk management technology, domestic banks have improved and perfected their own risk control ability, due to the constraints and influence of business ideas, business scopes and operation concentration, micro and small enterprise loans still have high risks, and are needed to be controlled by external regulators and financial institutions themselves in many ways so as to guard against the formation and spread of the cyclical risk.