深海环境中的材料腐蚀与防护研究进展

Research Progress on Corrosion and Protection in Deep-sea Environment

论述了溶氧量、压力、盐度、温度和流速等深海环境因素的特点及对金属和合金等材料的影响,得出了这些因素是影响深海环境下金属及合金材料腐蚀重要因素的结论。阐述了深海环境下金属和合金材料的腐蚀现状,介绍了点蚀、缝隙腐蚀、隧道腐蚀和应力腐蚀这4种常见的腐蚀类型,并给出了预防和减少深海环境下金属及合金材料腐蚀的几种常见措施。

Deep-sea environment is very harsh, and will have a huge impact on underwater vehicle and deep-sea device. This article discusses of the corrosion related factors in deep-sea environment such as the dissolved oxygen, pressure, salinity, temperature, flow rate etc. as well as their impact on the corrosion of metals, alloys and other materials, then comes to the conclusion that the dissolved oxygen is the most important factor for the corrosion of metals and alloys. The research status quo of deep-sea environment corrosion of metal and alloy materials are reviewed with emphasis on four common types of corrosion such as pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion, tunnel corrosion and stress corrosion. Finally countermeasures for the corrosion control of metals and alloys in deepsea environment are also introduced.