醋酸铅对母鼠生殖与胚胎发育影响

Effect of lead acetate on reproductive and embryonic development in female mice

将420只体质量为(15.32±2.01)g的雌性昆明系小鼠随机分为5个处理组和1个对照组,每组设7个重复,每个重复10只。各处理组分别腹腔按体质量注射10、15、20、25、30mg/kg的醋酸铅溶液,对照组注射等体积的灭菌生理盐水,每隔2d注射并称重1次,共注射10次,期间记录小鼠体质量及临床表现。当小鼠体质量达到25g以上时,分批对各试验组和对照组进行超排处理,腹腔注射10IU马绒毛膜促性腺激素(PMSG),47h后注射10IU人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG),并与公鼠合笼。合笼后87~96h内颈椎脱臼处死小鼠,观察卵巢、子宫形态,并统计胚胎数,同时制作卵巢、子宫石蜡切片,观察其病理组织学变化,研究醋酸铅对雌性小鼠卵巢、子宫组织结构及早期胚胎发育的影响。结果显示:(1)当醋酸铅染毒剂量≥20mg/kg时,可明显抑制小鼠体质量的增长,随着染毒剂量的增加,作用时间的延长,小鼠体质量增加明显趋缓,与对照组相比,差异显著或极显著(P<0.05,P<0.01);(2)染铅组母鼠早期胚胎发育受到显著影响,主要表现为回收胚胎总数以及受精卵发育到桑椹胚和囊胚的总数均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而各染铅组退化胚、延迟胚数和未受精卵总数显著高于对照组(P<0.05);(3)染铅组卵巢中的初级卵泡、次级卵泡、成熟卵泡数量明显低于对照组,而原始卵泡、闭锁卵泡数量明显高于对照组。(4)染铅组小鼠卵巢和子宫形态发生明显畸形,当醋酸铅染毒剂量≥20mg/kg时,与对照组相比,差异显著或极显著(P<0.05,P<0.01)。且上述变化均呈明显的剂量一时间效应。研究结果表明,当醋酸铅暴露剂量≥20mg/kg时,可对小鼠生长发育具有明显抑制作用,同时使母鼠生殖器官卵巢和子宫的结构造成严重损害,并影响其生殖功能与早期胚胎发育。

In order to study the effect of lead acetate in structure of ovarian and uterine,and early embryonic development of female mice,the 420(body weight:15.32±2.01)of Kunming female mice were randomly divided into 5test group and 1control group.The test groups were given intraperitoneal injection of 10,15,20,25,30 mg/kg acetic acid at 2days interval respectively,and the control group was injected with the same volume of sterilized saline,at the same time,the body weight of mice was recorded.The treatment of superovulation was conducted when the mice weight was to 25 g or more,intraperitonealy injected 10 IU PMSG,after 47h10 IU hCG injection,and then caged with male rat.The structure of uterus and ovarian were observed and counted the number of embryos after cage 87-96 h,at the same time,observed paraffin slices under the microscope.The results showed that 20mg/kg lead acetate or more had an inhibited impact on the growth and development of mice,including the early embryonic development,the total recycling embryos,morulae and blastocysts significantly were lower than the control group(P<0.05),however,the unfertilized egg significantly were higher than the control group(P<0.05);the number of primary,secondary and mature follicle was significantly lower than the control group,but the number of primitive and atresia follicle was significantly higher than the control group.So the results indicated that 20mg/kg lead acetate could damaged the structure of the female mouse reproductive organs and affect their reproductive function.