复合吸附剂对AFB_1和DON暴露鸡血清生化指标的影响

Effects of composite adsorbent on serum biochemistry index in chicken exposed by AFB_1 and DON

本试验旨在通过复合吸附剂(CA)对禽体内黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)的吸附作用,根据血清生化指标变化,研究其对霉菌毒素污染的脱毒效果。选取120羽7日龄体质量接近的健康雏鸡,随机分成4组,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,其中对照组饲喂正常饲料,试验Ⅰ组饲喂霉变饲料,试验Ⅱ组饲喂正常饲料+0.5%CA,试验Ⅲ组饲喂霉变饲料+0.5%CA。试验期为21d。所有鸡只分别在7、28日龄进行称重,试验结束时,经鸡翅静脉采血,测定血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)含量及天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、碱基磷酸酶(ALP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)活性;同时,每组选取5只鸡剖检,观察脏器病变,取肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊,计算脏器系数。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组雏鸡肝脏、肾脏、脾脏脏器系数显著升高(P<0.05),胸腺和法氏囊脏器系数显著降低(P<0.05),血清TP和ALB含量显著下降(P<0.05),ALT、ALP、LDH和MDA活性显著升高(P<0.05),SOD活性显著降低(P<0.05);试验Ⅲ组肝脏、肾脏和脾脏的脏器系数显著降低(P<0.05),TP和ALB的含量显著提高(P<0.05),ALT、ALP和MDA的活性显著降低(P<0.05),SOD活性显著升高(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组的脏器系数及生化指标与对照组相比差异均不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明,CA对AFB1和DON有良好的吸附作用,可用于饲料中霉菌毒素的脱毒。

An experiment was conducted to study the detoxification of composite absorbent(CA)on mycotoxins,according to the adsorption effect of CA on AFB1 and DON and serum biochemistry index in poultry.One hundred and twenty chicks with healthy and close weight were randomly divided into4 groups.The chicks in control group were fed a normal diet;groupⅠwere fed moldy diet;groupⅡ were fed normal diet+ 0.5% CA and group Ⅲ were fed moldy diet+ 0.5% CA,respectively.The trial was conducted for 21 d.All chick were weighed on 7and 28 d.At the end of the study,blood samples were taken from the wing vein for the detection of serum TP,ALB contents and AST,ALT,ALP,LDH,SOD,MDA activities.Meanwhile,20chicks(5each group)were slaughtered for surveying the pathological changes,the liver,kidney,spleen,thymus and bursal were taken for calculating the organ coefficient.The results indicated that,compared with the control group,the organ coefficient of liver,kidneys and spleen in treatment groupⅠ was significantly increased(P <0.05),the organ coefficient of thymus and bursal was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The serum contents of TP and ALB were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the activities of ALT,ALP,LDH and MDA were significantly increased(P<0.05)and the activity of SOD was significantly reduced(P<0.05).The organ coefficient of liver,kidney and spleen in group Ⅲ was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the contents of TP and ALB were significantly increased(P<0.05),the activities of ALT,ALP and MDA were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the activity of SOD was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared to the control group,the organ coefficient and biochemical indexes of group Ⅱ were not significant difference(P>0.05).The experiment showed that CA have a good absorption for AFB1 and DON,and it is possible to be used for detoxification of mycotoxins in feed.