生态脆弱区钢铁行业对浅层地下水环境影响及保护措施

Steel industry's environmental impact on groundwater in ecologically fragile zone and some protection measures

以新疆阿拉尔市某钢铁厂建设和生产过程对地下水环境的影响评价为研究目标,根据钢铁行业污染源及污染因子特征进行潜在地下水污染源分析,并结合区域水文地质条件特点,分析了钢铁行业可能对地下水环境产生的影响,以COD为特征污染物,利用数值模拟计算方法模拟预测了在污水处理厂泄露情况下对地下水环境的影响,并分析了分区防渗措施等保护措施的效果,结果表明,污水处理厂发生泄漏,30a模拟期内污染物迁移距离和超标范围不断扩大,最大迁移距离和超标范围分别为270m和7 800m2.采取分区防渗措施后,地下水中污染物浓度降低约3个数量级,能够满足对地下水环境的保护要求,这对钢铁行业的地下水污染防治有一定的指导和借鉴意义.

Steel is pillar industry for national economy.With the pollution characteristics of metallurgical industry as multi-type,high groundwater environmental risk,coupled with special hydrogeological conditions in arid areas and the importance of groundwater,analysis of groundwater environmental impact is particularly important.The present work measures groundwater environmental impact of a steel plant in Alaer city of Xinjiang.The pollutant sources were analyzed based on special characteristics of steel plant equipment.Groundwater environmental impact of pollutant COD was simulated and predicted with GMS software.Effect of partition seepage treatment measures was analyzed.It was found that when the wastewater treatment plant spilt,the migration distance and the area of above-standard pollutants constantly extended in the 30-year simulation period.Maximum migration distance and excessive area were 270 mand 7 800m2 respectively.After the partition seepage treatment measures were taken,pollutant concentrations in groundwater is reduced by three orders of magnitude,indicating that requirements of protection for groundwater environment could be met.