沙漠化与气候变化相互作用机理研究进展

Progression of research on interaction mechanism between desertification and climate change

沙漠化与气候变化相互作用研究是当前地学界的一个热点和难点问题。沙漠化对气候变化响应敏感,同时,沙漠化又通过特殊环境的反馈作用影响气候变化。气候变化通过气温、降水等要素的变化改变植被覆盖等地表特征,对土地沙漠化产生严重影响。沙漠化又会通过生物地球物理反馈机制、增加CO2等温室气体的排放、释放沙尘气溶胶、改变土壤水分及地表粗糙度等影响区域气候变化。目前,国内外学者对沙漠化与气候变化相互作用的研究较多,但对沙漠化与气候变化间相互作用机理的研究仍有待进一步深入。存在的一些主要问题包括:自然因素与人为因素的分离、数据缺乏和数据的连续性及可比性、模型的缺陷和研究的时空尺度问题等。今后,应加强实验观测等获取长期数据,改进和完善模型,并进行综合集成研究。

The research of interaction between desertification and climate change is an academic hot issue and a difficult problem. Desertification is sensitive to climate change; meantime,it may feed back to climate change through special environmental characteristics. Climate change alters vegetation coverage and other surface features through temperature and precipitation change,and finally,it has profound influences on desertification. While,desertification may has influence on regional climate change through biogeophysical feedbacks,increasing greenhouse gas concentration of CO2,releasing dust aerosols,altering soil moisture and surface roughness. Many researchers at home and abroad have researched the interaction between desertification and climate change and published many papers,but up to now,the interaction mechanism between them is still not clear. There are some problems need to be solved in future: to separate the natural and anthropogenic factors,data deficiency and continuity and comparability of data,defect of models and the problem of spatial-temporal scale. Considering these problems,some prospects are also put forward in this paper: to enhance experimental observation and others for obtaining long-term data,to improve models and to conduct integrated study on the interaction between sandy desertification and climate change.