哈尔滨地区抗瘟基因抗性分析及水稻品种抗性评价与利用

Resistance analysis of blast-resistance genes and resistance evaluation and utilization of rice varieties in Harbin

为明确哈尔滨地区24个抗瘟基因的抗性和20个水稻品种含有抗瘟基因型的情况,选取200个稻瘟病菌单孢菌株和22个已知无毒基因的鉴别菌株作为鉴定系统,通过喷雾法和离体划伤法接种,应用PCR技术对部分试验结果进行了重复性检测,并在此基础上进行了抗性布局分析。结果表明:24个抗瘟基因抗性差异较大,抗谱在11.00%~93.00%之间,平均抗谱38.29%;抗谱超过80.00%的基因有3个,由高到低为Pi-9、Pi-ta2和Pi-z5;抗谱低于20.00%的基因有9个,分别为Pi-a、Pi-ks、Pi-i、Pi-t、Pi-kp、Pi-ta、Pi-3、Pi-km和Pi-sh,Pi-a抗性最差。20个水稻品种中检测到抗瘟基因13个,共出现40次,其中Pi-a和Pi-19各出现6次,频率最高;龙稻5含抗瘟基因最多,4个,分别为Pi-ks、Pi-1、Pi-19和Pi-sh。在哈尔滨晚熟稻区建议布局绥粳8、中龙香粳1或者绥粳8+中龙香粳1搭配;在早熟稻区建议布局龙粳18、哈香07-321或者龙粳18+哈香07-321搭配。

Two hundred Magnaporthe oryzae single spore isolates and 22 Magnaporthe oryzae differential isolates with avirulence genes were inoculated in order to determine the resistance of 24 blast-resistance genes and detection of the blast resistant genotype of 20 rice varieties in Harbin by using the methods of spraying and in vitro scratch assay. Meanwhile,PCR was used to determine the accuracy of results. The results showed that the resistance difference among the 24 blast-resistance genes were great,and their resistance spectrum was 11. 00%- 93. 00% with the average resistance spectrum was 38. 29%; the resistance spectrum of Pi-9,Pi-ta2 and Pi-z5 was higher than 80. 00%; the resistance spectrum of Pi-a,Pi-ks,Pi-i,Pi-t,Pi-kp,Pi-ta,Pi-3,Pi-km and Pi-sh was lower than 20. 00% and the resistance of Pia was the lowest among them. The 13 blast-resistance genes appeared 40 times totally and were detected in 20 rice varieties and the frequency of Pi-a and Pi-19 were both six times,the highest among them;there were the most blast-resistance genes in Longdao 5,including Pi-ks,Pi-1,Pi-19 and Pi-sh.According to the results,Suijing 8,Zhonglongxiangjing 1 and Suijing 8 & Zhonglongxiangjing 1 were suitable for late-maturing rice areas of Harbin; Longjing 18,Haxiang 07-321 and Longjing 18 & Haxiang07-321 were suitable for early-maturing rice areas of Harbin.