海绵城市建设的径流控制指标探析

Urban Runoff Control Criteria under Sponge City Concept

城市化引起的诸多水生态、水环境及洪灾问题均与天然水文条件的破坏紧密相关;水文控制指标是海绵城市建设中的关键控制指标。在调研国际城市雨洪管理的演变及目前城市水文控制指标发展趋势的基础上,提出海绵城市建设所必需的水文控制指标体系概念。该体系包括维持河湖湿地基流与地下水补给的入渗控制指标,减少雨洪面源污染的水质控制指标,防止河道侵蚀的水土侵蚀控制指标,以及避免小量级洪涝和减轻极端洪涝灾害的洪水控制指标。在此基础上,分析了我国在海绵城市建设中缺乏完整水文控制指标体系的现状,并提出了我国目前在建立城市雨洪管理水文控制指标工作中亟待开展的工作,为海绵城市建设中合理确定适合各地具体条件的水文控制指标体系提供研究思路与参考。

Hydrologic control criteria framework is important for building sponge cities. This research investigated evolution of urban storm water management practices abroad and the present trends in developing hydrologic control criteria framework for urban stormwater management. Consequently, a general concept of hydrologic control criteria framework is proposed;including volume-based control which emphasizes on maintaining infiltration, control ing water quality and avoiding river channel erosion; and peak discharge-based control which targets on flood reduction. Furthermore, the present statue of hydrologic control criteria development in China was surveyed. Based on the results, this study recommends that in order to formulate appropriate hydrologic control criteria, more research should be conducted, database should be built at local level and data sharing should be achieved. Moreover, inter-agency coordination should be enforced. This study provides reference value to China's ongoing Sponge City construction.