竹屑制汽油蒸气吸附和液相脱色的颗粒活性炭研究

The Preparation of Granular Activated Carbon Made of Bamboo Sawdust as Gasoline Vapor Adsorbent and Liquid Decolorization

竹屑用磷酸活化法制备吸附汽油蒸气和液相脱色的颗粒活性炭。竹屑与磷酸溶液按适当比例混合均匀,在适当温度下塑化,然后经捏和、挤出成型、干燥硬化、炭化、活化、漂洗和烘干等工序制得颗粒活性炭产品。研究了磷酸浓度、酸屑重量比、活化温度、活化时间对活性炭吸附性能的影响。正交试验结果表明较佳的工艺条件为:磷酸浓度85%,酸屑重量比为1.9∶1,活化温度430℃,活化时间90 min。在较佳工艺条件制得活性炭试样的丁烷工作容量为11.95 g·100 m L-1,亚甲基蓝吸附值为255 mg·g-1,活性炭试样的BET比表面积和孔容积分别为1 978.95 m2·g-1和1.4907 cm3·g-1。

Using the method of phosphoric acid activation, the bamboo sawdusts were employed to prepare granular activated carbon to be used as gasoline vapor adsorbent and liquid decolorization. The bamboo sawdusts were mixed with phosphoric acid solution in certain proportion,then plasticized at suitable temperature,through a series of process of kneading,molding,hardening,carbonization,activation,rinsing and drying,the granular activated carbon was manufactured. The effects of phosphoric acid concentration,weight ratio of acid to sawdust,activation temperature and activation time on the adsorption properties of the activated carbon were tested. The orthogonal experiment results show that the optimal process conditions were as follows: the phosphoric acid concentration was 85%,the weight ratio of acid to sawdust was 1. 9∶ 1,the activation temperature at 430℃ and the activation duration was 90 minutes. The butane working capacity of the activated carbon sample prepared were 11. 95 g · 100 m L- 1,the methytene blue adsorption were 255 mg·g- 1,the BET surface area and the pore volume of the activated carbon sample were 1978. 95 m2·g- 1and 1. 4907 cm3·g- 1respectively.