城市绿色空间研究内容与展望

Progress and prospect on urban green space research

伴随社会经济快速发展,城市绿色空间对生态环境和宜居生活的作用逐渐受到关注。同时,随着城市建成区面积的不断扩大,城市绿色空间成为一种稀缺资源。不断减少的城市绿色空间,与城市人口的增加,以及其休闲健康功能需求的增长间形成了一种空间错位。如何合理规划绿色空间,发挥绿色空间的效用和功能,已成为城市地理学和城市规划实践中重要的研究内容。本文系统论述和梳理了城市绿色空间概念提出的背景和发展历程,并在此基础上综合分析不同学科对城市绿色空间的理解及研究成果,提出目前城市绿色空间的相关研究内容和进展;并对其研究趋势进行了分析,从城市规划建设、城市可持续发展、研究方法创新等方面提出了推动城市绿色空间相关研究的建议。

With rapid socioeconomic development, the effect of urban green space on the ecological environment and living environment in cities has attracted increasingly more attentions. Meanwhile, due to the expansion of built- up areas, urban green space is becoming a scarce resource. A spatial mismatch exists between the supply and demand of urban green space because the quantity and quality of green space in urban centers fall short of meeting the increasing demands of the growing urban population for recreation and good health. Therefore, the planning, design, utility, and function of urban green space have become an important area of urban geography research and urban planning practice. Drawing on the recent progress in research, the paper introduces the concept of urban green space and its evolution. It also synergizes the literature of various disciplines to produce a systematic understanding of the role of urban green space in promoting ecological services, social life,and economic value of land. Main challenges include: the lack of policy and measures for effectively incorporating green space into urban spatial development, inadequate treatment of improving the quality of urban green space, and mismatch between the supply and demand of the urban green space. Therefore, we argue that green space is another important urban space other than economic and social ones. This important topic in urban geography raises new but important issues:(1) incorporating urban green space as a way of enhancing urban sustainability;(2) improving current urban planning by emphasizing the social, economic, and ecological functions of cities;(3) extending the horizon and topics from traditional descriptive research on the distribution and spatial characteristics of urban green space to look at the interaction between green space and socioeconomic development; and(4) urban geography should play a role in synergizing and facilitating multi- disciplinary research on urban green space, but needs both quantitative and qualitative methods.