大连金石滩旅游度假区居住用地的空间分异

The study of the spatial differentiation of the residential landuse in Dalian Jinshitan National Tourist Holiday Resorts

以2003-2012年三个时相的SPOT5和卫星遥感影像数据为基础,以大连金石滩旅游度假区为研究区域。在行政村尺度下,利用GIS技术结合分异指数D和多组群分异测度模型D(m),研究金石滩旅游度假区居住用地的空间分异过程、分布特征及其驱动机制。研究表明:12003-2012年金石滩旅游度假区各类居住用地分异度变化不一。农村住宅分异度逐渐增加,其余各类住宅分异度均呈下降趋势,花园洋房分异度数值范围为0.06~0.65,波动幅度最剧烈;2在传统住宅逐渐被新型住宅所替代的大背景下,花园洋房、商品住宅和普通住宅的占地面积与日俱增,分布范围越来越广,主要是沿海岸线和景色优美地区分布。农村住宅越来越稀少,住宅用地占地面积显著增加;3在住宅产业发展的三个阶段,政府决策、社会分化、市场机制和个人选择等因素既相互促进又相互制约,共同作用于旅游地产在金石滩旅游度假区内的发展。

A reasonable degree of spatial structure of urban residential land will not only affect the quality of life of residents, but also affect the development efficiency of the entire city. Residential land nature of structural changes is the change in the social structure of residential land on the spatial distribution of specific performance. Under the background of the rapid urbanization, fevelopment of National Tourist Resort also presented the phenomenon of urbanization and promoted its interior spatial variation of the formation of residential land. This article aims to examine the Dalian Jinshitan National Tourist Holiday Resort spatial differentiation of residential land-depth analysis of the phenomenon, based on the three-phase SPOT5 and satellite sensing data of Dalian Jinshitan National Tourist Holiday Resort between 2003 to 2012. This paper, by using GIS technology combined with differentiation index D and multiple-group differentiation measure model D(m), analyzes residential space differentiation process, the distribution and the driving mechanism of Jishitan in villages scales, optimizes the allocation of resources, and promotes the healthy and steady development of domestic tourism resort. Results show that:(1) Between 2003 and 2012, there were differences among the varying degrees of various types of residential land-use in Jinshitan. Rural residential differentiation gradually increased, and the differentiation of the rest of other types declined. Differentiation of the garden house ranged from 0.06 to 0.65, which showed the most dramatic fluctuation. The spatial distribution intensity of Dalian Jinshitan National Tourist Holiday Resort differed within a reasonable range.(2) In the background of the traditional residential type gradually being replaced by the new ones, the area of the garden houses, commercial residential and common residential had been growing rapidly and the distribution had been ranging, which was mainly distributed along the coastline or scenic areas, and it was becoming more widely. The number of the rural houses was increasingly decreasing, while the covering area was more and more scattered even disappeared. In general, residential land area increased significantly.(3) In the three stages of the development of housing industry, the driving mechanism of residential land differentiation in Dalian Jinshitan National Tourist Holiday Resort is multifaceted. The government decisionmaking is the control power. The social class differentiation is an important force. The market mechanism is the dominant force. The personal choice is the auxiliary power. These factors interact with each other, and work together on the development of tourism real estate in Jinshitan National Tourist Resort. Jinshitan National Tourist Resort is regarded as the representatives of the first state-level tourist resorts, therefore it has a profound reference for studies on its evolution and formation mechanism for the development of other similar tourist resorts.