木醋液对植烟土壤微生物多样性的影响

Effects of Pyroligneous Acid Application on Microbial Diversity in Tobacco Field

通过田间小区试验,将木醋液施入植烟土壤和对烟叶进行叶面喷施,研究木醋液对植烟土壤微生物多样性的影响。研究结果表明:施用木醋液后土壤的p H无显著影响,土壤细菌和放线菌数量在烟草生长的前期是降低的,后期(85 d)则增加,真菌数量则一直被抑制,且根施+叶面喷施的效果优于根施。动态测定土壤微生物群落平均颜色变化率(AWCD),表明根施木醋液75 kg hm-2的处理,微生物利用碳源的能力和代谢活性在整个生育期均低于对照,而根施75 kg hm-2+叶面喷施稀释500倍木醋液处理前期(25 d、40 d、55 d)土壤微生物利用碳源的能力和代谢活性降低,后期(70 d、85 d)增加,说明叶面喷施木醋液与根施的协同作用能改善植烟土壤微生物群落功能多样性和代谢活性。

With field plot experiments, the effects of root-pouring and foliar-spraying pyroligneous acid on the soil microbial diversity were studied in tobacco field. Functional diversity of soil microbial community was tested using Biolog ECO plates. The Average Well Color Development(AWCD) indicated the activity of soil microbial community.The results showed that pyroligneous acid application had no significant impact on soil p H. The numbers of soil bacteria and actinomytes decreased at the early stage of the tobacco growth, but increased at the later stages, while the fungus was inhibited. In addition, the effect of root-pouring combined with foliar-spraying was superior to that of root-pouring pyroligneous acid. The abilities of microbial utilization of carbon source and metabolic activity were lower in the root-pouring 75 kg hm-2pyroligneous acid treatment than in the control treatment during the whole growth period. These abilities decreased at the early stage(q25 d, 40 d, and 55 d) and then increased at the later stage(70 d,85 d) in the treatment of root-pouring 75 kg hm-2combined with foliar-spraying 500 times diluted pyroligneous acid.In conclusion, foliar-spraying and root-pouring pyroligneous acid synergistically improved the activity and functional diversity of the soil microbial community.