民勤绿洲膜果麻黄周围土壤盐分分布规律研究

Study on Distribution of Soil Salinity Around Ephedra Przewalskii in Minqin Oasis

以民勤绿洲膜果麻黄为研究对象,对其生境土壤的盐渍化类型、盐渍化程度及其盐分离子的空间分布规律进行了研究。结果表明,膜果麻黄生境土壤盐渍化程度总体以轻度盐渍化及轻度盐渍化以下为主。在垂直方向上土壤盐渍化程度随土层的加深而加重,土壤盐分含量呈明显的底聚分布特征;在水平方向上,膜果麻黄有一定的聚盐效果。在距膜果麻黄树干30 cm处,剖面0~60 cm土层土壤在轻度盐渍化以下,60~100 cm土层土壤轻度盐渍化;在距膜果麻黄树干60 cm处,剖面0~40 cm土层土壤在轻度盐渍化以下,40~100 cm土层土壤轻度盐渍化;在距膜果麻黄树干90 cm处,剖面0~80cm土层土壤在轻度盐渍化以下,80~100 cm土层土壤轻度盐渍化。而在距膜果麻黄树干30 cm处,0~10 cm土层为亚氯盐渍土,10~40 cm土层为亚硫酸盐渍土,40~80 cm土层为亚氯盐渍土,80~100 cm土层为氯盐渍土;在距膜果麻黄树干60 cm和90 cm处,0~60 cm土层为亚氯盐渍土,60~100 cm土层为氯盐渍土。同时各土层土壤阳离子以Na+为主,占到了对应土层阳离子摩尔质量的47.54%~82.57%;各土层土壤阴离子以Cl-为主,占到了对应土层阴离子摩尔质量的58.65%~84.84%,土壤盐分主要是氯化钠。

With the habitat of Ephedra Przewalskii in Minqin Oasis as the study object, we investigated the types of soil salinization, salinization degrees and spatial distribution of salt ions. The results showed that soil salinization degrees in the habitat of Ephedra Przewalskii were mainly lightly salinized and under light salinization, and the degree of soil salinization aggravated with the increasing soil depth, and soil salt content was obviously highest at the bottom.Ephedra Przewalskii had a role of gathering salt along the horizontal direction. At the horizontal distance of 30 cm away from the Ephedra Przewalskii, the soil depth of 0- 60 cm was under light salinization, and 60- 100 cm soil depth belonged to light salinization. At the distance of 60 cm away from the Ephedra Przewalskii, the 0- 40 cm soil depth was under the light salinization, and the 40- 100 cm soil depth belonged to light salinization in the vertical profile. At the distance of 90 cm away from the Ephedra Przewalskii, the 0- 80 cm soil depth was under light salinization, and the 80- 100 cm soil depth belonged to light salinization in the vertical profile. At the horizontal distance of 30 cm away from the Ephedra Przewalskii, the 0- 10 cm soil depth belonged to chlorite-affected soil, and the 10- 40 cm soil depth belonged to sulfite-affected soil, and the 40- 80 cm soil depth belonged to chlorite-affected soil, and the 80- 100 cm soil depth belonged to chlorine-affected soil. At the horizontal distances of60 cm and 90 cm away from the Ephedra Przewalskii stem, the 0- 60 cm soil depth belonged to chlorite-affected soil, the 60- 100 cm soil depth belonged to chlorine-affected soil. Cation of each soil depth consisted mainly of Na+,which accounted for 47.54%- 82.57% of total cation molar mass. And anion of each soil depth was mainly Cl-, which accounted for 58.65%- 84.84% of anion molar mass. Soil salt consisted mainly of sodium chloride.