意图和语言——论赫施对作者意图的语言学诠释

Intention and Language: On Hirsch's Linguistic Explication of the Author's Intention

美国学者赫施坚持将作者意图视为解释的必要前提与根本依据,而维系其意图论主张的最主要支柱则在于语言学层面的诠释、开掘与建构。首先,通过对"语义自律论"和"本体论语言观"的诊断,赫施表明了意图较之于语言的优越地位,并由此展现了对"语言学转向"这一重大文化事件的批判性反思。在此基础上,依托"言说主体"命题的提出,赫施强调,意图不可能完全摆脱语言而独立存在,它必须通过公共性语言的作用而得以具体化和彰显。赫施的理论不仅深化了自己有关作者意图的既有论说,更有效地推动了当代学术界围绕意图和语言关系的相关思考。

American scholar Hirsch insists on taking the author's intention as the essential premise and the fundamental basis of interpretation,and the main force which maintains his opinions is the explication,exploration and construction in linguistic dimension. Firstly,he indicates that intention is prior to language through the diagnosis of 'semantic autonomism ' and'ontological linguistics,'and shows his critical reflection on the important cultural event-the linguistic turn. In light of this,Hirsch proposes the notion of 'speaking subject'and emphasizes that intention can not be completely divorced from language and should be specified and clarified by the role of public language. Hirsch's theory not only deepens his existing discussions about the author's intention,but also effectively promotes the theorizations on the relationship between intention and language in contemporary context.