中国西北干旱区自然保护区生态脆弱性评价——以甘肃西湖、苏干湖自然保护区为例

Ecological Vulnerability Assessment of Nature Reserve in Arid Region of Northwest China:A case study of the Xihu Nature Reserve and the Suganhu Nature Reserve in Gansu

依据中国西北干旱区生态环境的特性和演化规律,从气候条件、土地资源、生境状态及人为干预4方面筛选12个指标,构建西北干旱区自然保护区生态脆弱性评价指标体系,并对各指标进行分级。采用层次分析法确定指标权重,建立生态脆弱性综合评价模型。在甘肃敦煌西湖自然保护区和苏干湖自然保护区应用表明,指标体系合理,模型适用。评价认为,西湖自然保护区目前总体状态为中、高度脆弱,苏干湖自然保护区为轻、中度脆弱。在原生脆弱性方面,两者等级相当,但西湖更脆弱;在次生脆弱性方面,西湖已受到显著影响,次生脆弱性严重。

According to ecological characteristics and evolution process of the arid region of Northwest China,the ecological vulnerability evaluation index system for nature reserve in this area,which was composed of12 representative factors from4 aspects of climate condition,land resource,habit situation and human disturbance was established.Each indicator was graded and assigned a standard score individually.The method of Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)was used to calculate indices weight.The ecological vulnerability assessment model was build and was applied in the Xihu Nature Reserve and the Suganhu Nature Reserve.Results demonstrated that the evaluation index system was reasonable and the assessment model was applicable.Results of evaluation indicated that the Xihu Nature Reserve was in heavy vulnerability and the Suganhu Nature Reserve was in low-moderate vulnerability now.These two nature reserves were both in a certain high degree of native vulnerability,but the Xihu Nature Reserve was more vulnerable.The Xihu Nature Reserve was more influenced by the human activity and the secondary vulnerability was in the more serious situation.