出口贸易、劳动生产率与工资水平——来自中国出口部门的实证研究

Export Trade,Labor Productivity and Wage Level——Empirical Research Based on the Data of Chinese Export Sectors

笔者利用中国以RCA指数测算的具有比较优势的11个出口部门的数据建立行业面板数据模型,就我国行业出口贸易、劳动生产率与工资水平的关系进行实证研究。结果发现:劳动生产率增长对工资增长具有明显的促进作用,但工资的增长率低于劳动生产率的增长率,存在从劳动收入到资本收入的国民收入再分配现象;出口贸易通过改变产品出口价格显著地影响出口部门工人工资;不同出口部门出口价格对工资影响存在显著的差异,抑制了部门间工资差距的缩小。

This paper builds an industry panel data model based on 11 export sectors of China which have comparative advantage represented by RCA index,and studies the relationship among industries' export trade,labor productivity and wages level with such panel data model. The result shows: the increase of labor productivity has significant promoting effect on wage growth,but the wage growth rate is lower than labor productivity growth rate,and there exists a national income redistribution phenomenon which ranges from labor income to capital income. Export trade significantly affects export sector workers' wages through changing export price. Effects of export trade of different export sectors on wages have significant differences which inhibit the narrowing of wage gap within sectors.