不同要素密集型制造业集聚对效率的非线性影响研究——基于负外部性的PSTR实证分析

Study about Different Factor Intensive Manufacturing Agglomeration's Nonlinear Effect on Efficiency——An Empirical Analysis Based on Negative Externality PSTR Model

笔者基于中国17个二位数制造业2005年~2011年的省级面板数据,根据生产要素密集度对制造业加以分类,以非期望产出数据包络方法(DEA)和非线性光滑面板转换方法(PSTR)作为分析工具,研究了不同类型的制造业集聚水平与生产效率之间的非线性关系。结果发现:(1)将环境污染作为负外部性因素,得到的效率差异很大;(2)不同类型制造业效率和集聚的关系不同,但基本都是非线性关系;(3)过度集聚型和集聚递减型制造业说明集聚并非越大越好,负外部性对效率的影响不容忽视。

In this paper,based on the provincial panel data of 17 two-digit manufacturing industries from 2005 to 2011 in China,manufacturing industries are classified according to their production factor intensity. Different factor intensive manufacturing agglomeration's nonlinear effect on efficiency is studied with the tool of undesirable output data envelopment analysis( DEA) and nonlinear smooth conversion panel methods( PSTR). The empirical results show:( 1) The efficiency varies widely on condition that environmental pollution is taken as negative external factor.( 2) Different types of manufacturing have different relationships between industry efficiency and agglomeration,but they are mostly in nonlinear relationship; Manufacturing industry is divided into three types as agglomerationpromoting type,agglomeration-decreasing type and excessive agglomeration type.( 3) Manufacturing industry of excessive agglomeration type and agglomeration-decreasing type illustrate that the bigger agglomeration is not the better,and the negative effect on efficiency should not be ignored. We should attach great importance to problems such as environmental pollution and traffic congestion,and improve the efficiency of China's manufacturing industry.