再力花对河涌底泥中多溴联苯醚的去除

Removal of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in River Sediments by Thalia Dealbata

选用河涌常见植物——再力花对河涌底泥中多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)进行原位生物修复研究,通过室内盆栽实验,考察了植物在修复过程中的作用、修复过程中多溴联苯醚种类和含量的变化以及底泥微生物活性对PBDEs去除的影响。结果表明,再力花可以有效提高底泥中十溴联苯醚(BDE-209)的去除率,历经390 d,空白组BDE-209含量由1.33 mg·kg-1降至1.13 mg·kg-1,处理组则降至0.97 mg·kg-1,去除率由15%提高到27%。使用GC-MS对BDE-209降解产物进行检测分析,结果表明再力花对底泥中BDE-209降解过程中会产生BDE-207、BDE-206等三溴-九溴联苯醚产物。对底泥中的微生物活性和去除率结果分析表明,植物的种植可以提高底泥中微生物的活性,进而提高BDE-209的去除率。

Thalia dealbata is a fast-growing and quick-multiplying aquatic plant, and may be used to phytoremediate polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)in river sediments. A pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse to investigate the changes of type and concentration of PBDEs and the microbial activity in sediments under Thalia dealbata. Thalia dealbata significantly enhanced the removal rate of BDE-209 in the sediments. After 390 days, the concentration of BDE-209 in control and treatment reduced to 1.13 mg·kg-1and 0.97 mg·kg-1from 1.33 mg·kg-1, respectively, with removal rate increased from 15% to 27%. GC-MS analysis suggested that degradation products of BDE-209 varied from tribromodiphenyl ethers to nonabromodiphenyl ethers such as BDE-207 and BDE-206. The relationship between microbial activity and removal efficiency of BDE-209 in sediments showed that planting Thalia dealbata enhanced microbial activity, and thus accelerated removal of BDE-209. The residual BDE-209 was negatively correlated with microbial activity characterized by FDA.