基于智慧城市的可持续城市空间发展模型总体架构

The overall architecture of sustainable urban spatial development model based on the construction of smart cities

在智慧城市建设上升为国家战略的大背景下,以城市人口、经济、资源、环境等历史数据分析为基础的传统城市空间发展模型面临着数据来源与研究框架的革新。本文首先阐述了智慧城市与可持续发展理念产生的时代背景、概念内涵、相互关系,进而在梳理国内外可持续发展视角下的城市模型相关研究基础上,认为智慧城市建设为城市模型研究提供了更为精细、实时、全面的数据来源,拓宽了城市模型研究的时空尺度,并在城市系统运行模拟与仿真方面提供新的技术手段。本文从城市数据监测采集与互联共享、城市系统运行问题梳理与综合分析、城市空间发展模拟仿真与决策评估、城市空间发展规划体系4个层面尝试构建基于智慧城市的可持续城市空间发展模型总体架构,对于丰富城市可持续发展研究理论框架,指导智慧城市空间规划与建设实践具有重要意义。

Under the background that smart city construction has become a national development strategy, traditional urban spatial development models based on the analyses of historical data of population, economy, resource, and environment need to incorporate new sources of data and innovative research framework. This article first discusses the background and connotation of, and relationship between smart city and sustainable development, and then summarizes the Chinese and international research on sustainable urban spatial development models. It concludes that smart city construction provides finer, comprehensive, and real-time data and broadens the spatial and temporal scales of models for urban system modeling, as well as offers new technical means for the simulation of urban system operation. Based on the above, this article presents the overall architecture of an sustainable urban spatial development model based on the construction of smart cities. The model contains four parts that:(1) monitor, collect, and share urban data;(2) decipher and analyze urban operation problems;(3) simulate urban spatial sustainable development and evaluate the related policies and decisions; and(4) design the urban spatial development planning system based on the construction of smart cities. It is important for enriching the theoretical framework of urban sustainable development and guiding the spatial planning and construction practices of smart cities that aim at sustainable development for the ultimate goal.