美国弱势群体入学政策的法律审视与启示

On the Judicial Review in the Vulnerable Groups' s Enrollment Policy in America and Its Revelation

美国弱势群体的入学政策因涉及种族与性别平等、残疾人保护等敏感因素,一直是美国社会争议最大、历时较长、牵涉甚广的教育议题。联邦最高法院介入大学关于种族、性别、残疾人招生的判例,不仅引导美国大学的招生政策逐渐从简单化走向整体性、全面性的复杂评价,而且为大学弱势群体招生政策的调整提供了法律上的阐释,对今天中国大学招生政策的调整,反思大学招生自主权,实现依法招生有积极的意义。

The vulnerable groups' s enrollment policy in America involved the racial and gender equality,protection of disabled people and other sensitive factor had been the biggest controversy,lasted longer,involved a wide range of issues in American society.The Federal Supreme Court intervened to race,gender,disability enrollment case that the university concerning,which not only lead admissions policies of American universities gradually from simplification to the holistic,comprehensive complex evaluation,but also provided the legal interpretation of university admissions policy adjustment on the vulnerable groups.It will be of considerable significance to the adjustment of admissions policy,the reflection on university autonomy enrollment,the realization of enrollment by law in China's universities.