改进的大型底栖动物中尺度栖息地适宜度模型

Revised Mesohabitat Simulation Modelling-benthos Model

针对栖息地受损,河流生态完整性受到严重威胁的现状,以Meso HABSIM模型为基础,选取易采集、分布广且能较好反映栖息地条件的大型底栖动物为目标水生生物,对其栖息地适宜度进行了探索。针对缺乏反映河道底部特征的水文形态参数和大型底栖动物群落结构功能分析两方面的不足,为实现定量化表征大型底栖动物栖息地适宜度的目标,改进了水文形态模型和生物模型,建立了改进的大型底栖动物中尺度栖息地适宜度模型。水文形态模型中增加了反映河道底部条件的底部剪切力参数;生物模型中,除单一目标物种外,增加功能摄食类群分析,研究偏好不同流速、基质条件的底栖动物,主要包含撕食者、牧食收集者、滤食收集者、刮食者、捕食者等。

Aimed at damaged habitats and seriously threatened fluvial ecological integrity, mesohabitat model was revised to better quantify the suitability of stream habitat suitability of aquatic organisms in reach scale. Revised Meso HABSIM-benthos Model was built to indicate the habitat suitability of invertebrates. In habitat analysis, the benthos community was selected as common indicators of river basin, because it can be collected widely in the artificial regions, and can well reflect the habitat conditions, especially for benthic conditions. Meso HAB-SIM(Mesohabitat Simulation Modelling) was mesohabitat model to quantify the relationship of river hydromorphology and presence and abundance of aquatic organisms. It can reflect more detail information of hydromorphology and is more suitable for benthos analysis. The revised model was on the basis of Meso HABSIM and two aspects were improved, including hydromorphological parameters, and structure and functions analysis of invertebrates. In detail, the bottom shear stress(BBS)was increased in the Hydromorphology Model to quantify the bottom conditions of streams that was main habitats of invertebrates. In order to show the structure and function of invertebrate communities,the Functional Feeding Groups(FFG)was also analyzed in the Biology Mode. The groups were classified based on the habitat and food preference of benthos, and the main types include shredder, collector-gatherer, collector-filterer, scraper and predator.