2010—2012年中国部分地区鸡传染性支气管炎流行病学调查

The Epidemiological Investigation of the Chicken Infectious Bronchitis in China between 2010 and 2012

鸡传染性支气管炎(IB)已经成为严重影响中国养禽业正常发展的传染性疾病,为了解中国主要养殖区域鸡传染性支气管炎流行情况,瑞普生物诊断研究服务中心在2010—2012年间从全国采集的3 132份发病鸡群肺和气管样本,利用RT-PCR及基因测序方法鉴定出410份IBV阳性样品,通过从时间、地域、发病特征、种群类型等方面进行了统计研究。结果发现:1)3年间IBV总检出率为13.1%,其中26.7%的IBV阳性样品为多重病原感染,以AIV-H9+IBV和NDV+IBV居多;2)白羽肉鸡的IBV检出率最高,为13.6%;3)IBV发病有较明显的季节性,从当年的11月份到次年的5月份,是IB的高发时段;4)IBV对感染鸡群造成的临床症状以肾大和呼吸道症状为主,其次是产蛋下降和腺胃炎;5)白羽肉鸡3~5周IBV检出率最高,商品蛋鸡IBV检出高峰有两个时段为3~5周及25~30周。通过本次全国范围的IBV流行病学调查,为我国有效防控传染性气管炎提供了科学依据,对制定防控鸡传染性支气管炎有效策略具有重要意义。

The chicken infectious bronchitis(IB)is a broad epidemic and infectious disease,and became a critical threat to poultry industry in China.To understand the current national IBV epidemiological situation,3 132 samples collected between 2010 and 2012in China have been tested by the Ringpu Diagnosis Research and Service Center.There were 410 IBV positive results by RT-PCR method,then statistic and analyzed by cross-references,such as by time,geography,clinical symptoms and animal species etc.The results showed that 1)13.1% of all samples were IBV positive,and 26.7% of positives were multiplex infection,especially with AIV-H9 or NDV.2)White feather broilers are more susceptible to the wild IBV,the isolation rate was 13.6%.3)The IBV incidence showed quite clear seasonal changes,especially between November and next May.4)The main clinical symptoms of IBV were kidney swelling and respiratory symptoms,alsoshowed egg drop and proventriculitis sometimes.5)The 3-5weeks old white feather broilers had the highest IBV isolation rate,but also the 3-5and 25-30 weeks old period of layer chicken.Through the epidemiological investigation on IBV,it provides important scientific data and evidences which are important to develop effective strategies for prevention and controlling IB.