过瘤胃蛋氨酸和赖氨酸对越冬期梅花鹿幼鹿生长性能、养分消化率及血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Rumen-Protected Methionine and Lysine on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indices in Sika Deer during the Wintering Season

本试验旨在研究低蛋白质饲粮中添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸(RPM)和过瘤胃赖氨酸(RPL)对越冬期梅花鹿幼鹿生长性能、消化代谢和血清生化指标的影响。16只健康8月龄遗传背景相近的雄性梅花鹿,随机分为4个组,组间体重无显著差异(每个组4个重复,每个重复1只),饲喂4种不同饲粮:对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂粗蛋白质(CP)16.52%的高蛋白质饲粮,试验组饲喂CP13.70%添加0.30%RPL并分别添加0(Ⅱ组)、0.08%(Ⅲ组)、0.16%(Ⅳ组)RPM的低蛋白质饲粮,试验期为70d。结果表明,对照组和Ⅳ组平均日增重(ADG)显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),平均日采食量(ADFI)显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组料重比(F/G)显著高于其余各组(P<0.05);对照组磷消化率极显著低于试验组(P<0.01),且Ⅱ组显著低于Ⅲ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组CP和粗脂肪(EE)的消化率显著低于Ⅳ组(P<0.05);对照组血清尿素氮(BUN)含量显著高于Ⅲ(P<0.01)组和Ⅳ组(P<0.05),葡萄糖(GLU)和尿酸(UA)含量极显著高于其余各组(P<0.01);其余各项指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,饲粮CP水平从16.52%降至13.70%直接降低氮、磷排放,幼鹿生长相应延缓,添加0.16%RPM和0.30%RPL能改善幼鹿生长发育、促进物质消化、提高代谢平衡。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of low crude protein diet supplemented rumen-protected methionine(RPM)and lysine(RPL)on growth performance,nutrient digesitibility and serum biochemical indices in sika deer during the wintering season.Sixteen healthy 8-month-old sika deer were randomly divided into 4groups with 4replicates per group and 1sika deer per replicate.Sika deers were fed 4diets:Control group(GroupⅠ)fed 16.52%crude protein(CP)basal diet,tests group fed 13.70% CP diet with 0.30% RPL and 0(GroupⅡ),0.08%(Group Ⅲ),0.16%(Group Ⅳ)RPM.The results showed that average daily gain(ADG)of control group and group Ⅳ were higher than group Ⅱ,and average daily feed intake(ADFI)of group Ⅲ was lower than control group and group Ⅳ,and feed to gain ratio(F/G)of group Ⅱ was higher than other groups(P<0.05);digestibility of phosphorus(P)of control group was lower than other groups(P<0.01)and group Ⅱ was lower than group Ⅲ(P<0.05),CP and ether extract(EE)digestibility of group Ⅱ were lower than group Ⅳ;serum urea nitrogen content of control group was higher than groupⅢ(P<0.05)and groupⅣ(P<0.01),glucose and uric acid content of control group were higher than other groups(P<0.01);other index had no significant influence(P>0.05).It is concluded that reducing diet CP level from16.52% to 13.70% reduced nitrogen and phosphorus emission,slowed fawn growth,however,0.16% RPM and 0.30% RPL supplementation would enhance fawn growth,promoted nutrient digestion and metabolism balance.