景观解译对小区域土系调查的作用研究

The Interpretation of Landscape for Soil Series Survey in a Small Area

利用遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术能够快捷高效地进行景观解译。土系分布与景观特征密切相关,可以借助景观变异规律来辅助土系调查。本研究选择句容市某小区域为研究对象,首先以决策树分类方法对资源三号卫星影像进行土地利用类型的分类,将分类结果与原始影像叠加,并结合野外调查结果进行人工修正;精度达到要求后,再以修正后的土地利用类型图为底图,用决策树分类方法添加合适的坡度和高程信息,生成"高程-坡度-土地利用类型"的景观分类图;在此基础上,根据土壤-景观关系,结合数字高程模型(DEM)数据、资源三号卫星原始影像和景观分类图,对大比例尺土系调查进行调查路线的选择、剖面点的设置和土系界线的确定,并在研究区中选取核心区进行验证。结果证明:改进后的方法相对于传统土壤调查方法更加定量地考虑到景观变异情况,调查结果更具有代表性。

There is a close r elationship between the soil series distributions and landscape characteristics. Remote sensing and geographic information system technology were used in landscape interpretation and the landscape variation was used to survey the soil series. In this paper, a small-scale area in the county of Ju-rong was selected as the study area. Firstly, the method of decision tree classification was used to classify the land use type of study area for the latest ZY-3 satellite. And then the raw image overlaid with the classification results in the ENVI4.8. The field investigation was used to correct the result by the way of manual interpretation..Finally, the'elevation-slope-land use type'landscape map was generated after the precision met the requirements and the elevation and slope information was added to the revised map of land use types, which was taken as the basic map, using the method of decision tree classification. The DEM(Digital Elevation Model), ZY-3 satellite and landscape classification map were combined to study and discuss the choosing of survey line, the setting of the main soil profiles, and the searching for soil series boundary at the large scale of soil series investigation based on the relationship between soil and landscape. Then the decision results were verified in the core area of the study area. The improved method quantitatively took more consideration on the landscape variation to make the survey results more representative compared with the traditional soil investigation method. The results could provide reference for the soil series research.