河南省砂姜黑土土属的耕作障碍因素研究

The Cultivation Obstacle Factors of Lime Concretion Black Soil Genuses in Henan

砂姜黑土是低产农业土壤之一,但目前还缺乏针对砂姜黑土土属的改良对策研究。通过野外调查和室内测试,对河南省砂姜黑土区不同砂姜黑土土属的剖面形态和主要理化性质进行分析,并结合第二次土壤普查成果,归纳总结出了各土属存在的主要问题及改良重点:(1)所有土属耕层均需加深耕,提高有机质和全氮含量,改良较黏的质地;(2)砂姜黑土和石灰性砂姜黑土两个土属需治理砂姜和砂姜磐,砂姜黑土土属还需清除铁锰结核,青黑土和石灰性青黑土两个土属还需改善土体结构,石灰性青黑土还注意耕层粉粒过多的问题,漂白砂姜黑土需注意白浆化问题,覆盖砂姜黑土和石灰性覆盖砂姜黑土两个土属需根据覆盖层的质地情况决定是否需要改良。

Though being one of the lowest productive agriculture soils, the amelioration study is rarely carried out on lime concretion black soil genuses. Through field investigation and lab test, as well as combining the second general soil survey, we analyzed the profile characteristics and physicochemical properties of different lime concretion black soil genuses. We summarized the main issues and the key ameliorating measures for these soil genuses. Firstly, in all soil genuses, the depths of plough layer have to be increased, the contents of OM and TN should be improved, and the sticky texture needs to be ameliorated. Secondly, we should reduce the irregular calcareous concretions and lime concretion pan in the lime concretion black soil genus and calcarious lime concretion black soil genus. The iron-mangnese concretions need to be removed in lime concretion black soil genus. Soil textures should be improved in the green black soil genus and calcarious green black soil genuses. In calcarious green black soil genus, measures should be carried out to decrease too much silt. The bleaching lime concretion black soil had to solve the albic issue.Whether we improve the covering lime concretion black soil genus and calcarious covering lime concretion black soil genus depends on the texture of the covering layer.