中西日文化中的Image/形象/姿

The Concept of Image in Chinese,Western and Japanese Cultures

全球化多元文化的互动框架表现为一元/多元的冲突。中西日文化中的Image/形象/姿作为表情达意的艺术符号,呈现出三种不同的美的形态。古希腊时代的Image以外在的纯形为主,由"形"上升到"体"并在其中突显出几何形状的"Form",在"Form"中体现宇宙的大美。中国的"形象"轻形而重象,由外在之"象"直抵内在之"神",以主客合一的"神"为媒介达到象外之象,是人在天地之中的到场。日本的"姿"并非理性之形,而是直观经验触摸到的形;是动中之静、静中有动的无形之"姿",由瞬间之"姿"来暗示自然万物无限的流动性。

Global multicultural interaction accommodates the conflict between monism and pluralism. The paper examines the three different forms of beauty as reflected in the different concepts of image in Chinese,Western and Japanese cultures as art symbols of expressing feelings and ideas. The concept of image as a Western concept finds its counterparts in Chinese phrase of'xingxiang'( 形象 form-image) and Japanese'sugata'( 姿 idea-image). 'Image'in the ancient Greece referred mainly to the exterior form,which in turn pointed to the 'body'and highlighted in the geometrical 'form. 'The concept of 'form-image'in Chinese emphasizes the image over the form,aiming at the vision through the shape,which eventually reached the'spirit'in the identification between the subject and the object and enacted in man's presence in the world. The concept of 'idea-image '( sugata) in Japanese culture is not the form of reason but the form in the intuitive experience. The'idea-image'is formless and shows in both the still motion and the moving stasis,and the idea-image formed in an instant suggests the fluidity of the world.