空间的现代性想象与“返家”的艰难——以当代中国小民族文学为中心的考察

Modernist Imagination of Space and the Hardship of Returning Home:An Investigation Centered on the Literature of Minority Nationalities in Contemporary China

一般而言,我国小民族的生存空间相对狭小,文化承载能力不足,生态环境相对脆弱,文化传承载体相对匮乏。故此,他们的生存空间与文化空间其实就构成了一体两面的问题。在现代性进程中他们的空间很容易被外来他者所蚕食。作为外来文化的典型隐喻,外来他者空间及其表征者——"闯入者"的大量涌入,在破坏小民族生存空间的同时,也间接解构了他们的文化传统。对他者空间的想象是为了建构自我,"何处为家"成为小民族群体的现代性焦虑。当代小民族文学正是在对他者空间的现代性想象与"返家"的双重焦虑中,呈现出地方性的审美意蕴与文化精神。在当前中国文学创作越发呈现出"去域化"、"文化同质化"趋势语境下,丰富了中华多民族文学的维度与深度,彰显出中国文学的多元与多源特征。

The capacity of cultural bearing of the minority nationalities in China is relatively weak,their ecological environment relatively fragile,and vehicles of cultural heritage relative scarce,which contributes to the two-sided problem comprising of existential and cultural spaces.These spaces are gradually invaded in the process of modernization by the foreigners who,as the cultural Other,have not only contaminated the aboriginal space of existence with their physical presence but also undermined the indigenous cultural tradition through their representation.The imagination of the Other's space helps confirm the construction of selfhood,but the question'where is home'becomes the modernist anxiety for the minority nationalities communities.In the dual anxiety consisting of the modernist imagination of the Other 's space and the search of homeland,the literatures of these nationalities display their local aesthetics and cultural spirit,and they have also enriched Chinese literature as a multi-national entity in the current context of de-territorialization and homogeneity.