试析清末民初“文学研究法”的架构

A Study on the Framework of “Literary Research Methodology” in 1904 Educational System Reform

本文以癸卯学制文学立科所制定的"文学研究法"为对象,讨论这一国族制度架构的基本思路及其文教内涵,分析它所可能预留的知识生产和文论形塑的空间。晚清民初对国族学问和大学建制的思路不少,但"文学立科"使传统文化和"中国文辞"得到制度化的存留,相应的知识生产得以生成,相关课程设置和研究要义也影响到20世纪文学学术的基本样态。"文学研究法"课程及其架构作为一种特殊装置,具有学科总论的性质,主要基于传统学术和本土想象,其间充满拟想的模糊和不确定性,但也给后来相关知识的生产预留了空间。

This paper attempts to discuss the framework of 'Wenxue Yanju Fa'(Literary Research Methodology) in the 1904 educational system reform and tries to describe and understand the space which this reform carved out for the coming knowledge production and theory formation.During the late Qing dynasty and the early Republic of China period,the institutionalization efforts to construct the discipline of literary studies kept much of Chinese traditional culture and its literature.As a specific device,the envisaged course of 'Literary Research Methodology ' was constructed mainly on traditional learning and local imagination,and it was marked with the characteristics of a general course,while its undefined and undetermined boundaries allowed much space for the knowledge production in the subsequent generations.