1958-2013年华南海岸沙地利用变化及其驱动因素--以福建海岸为例

Coastal Sandy Land Use Change in South China Coast from 1958 to 2013 and Its Driving Factors——taking Fujian coast as an example

以中国华南海岸沙地的典型分布区——福建海岸为研究区,以历史资料和遥感影像为基础数据源,应用GIS技术定量分析了50多年来海岸沙地利用变化的基本特征及其影响因素。结果表明:56年来,福建海岸沙地总体呈减少趋势,经历了从1958—1988年裸沙地快速减少、耕地快速增加到1988—2000年裸沙地持续快速缩减、养殖用地与建设用地增加再到2000—2013年林地快速减少、建设用地迅猛增加的过程,地类转换主要为裸沙地向林地和耕地、林地向耕地和建设用地的转变。建国后的治沙造林政策是海岸沙地利用变化的基本影响因子,海岸地区经济的发展、人口的快速增长和城镇化的扩张等是研究时段中后期海岸沙地利用变化的主要驱动因素。

Taking Fujian coast,which was a typical distribution area of coastal sandy land of South China,as the study area,the basic principles of coastal sandy land use change were analyzed by use of GIS technology based on the historical data and remote sensing images from 1958 to 2013.The results indicated that the area of coastal sandy land in the study region presented a decreasing trend during the past 56 years and experienced a rapid decline of bare sandy land and increase of farmland in 1958-1988,continuous decrease of bare sandy land and slow raise of farming land and construction land in 1988-2000,and fast reduction of shelterbelts and increase of construction land in 2000-2013.And bare sandy land transferred to forest land and farmland and forest land transferred to farmland and construction land were the mainly transfer types of coastal sandy land use.The policy of afforestation and sand control was the basic influence factors of coastal sandy land use change,and economic development,population growth,urban expansion were the main driving factors in middle and late stage.