叶燮感兴论的审美主体建构

The Construction of Aesthetical Subject about Ye Xie's Feeling

清代诗论家叶燮在中国古代文学批评史上占有重要的地位,其诗学代表作《原诗》为学术界所推崇。叶燮的诗学理论博大精深而颇具系统的理论建构,在体系性上远远超越了以往的诗话著作,标志着中国近代诗学的开端。在创作论方面,叶燮以感兴为其核心理念,其《原诗》和其他的诗论著述都贯穿着"有所触而兴起"的创作思想。但叶燮并非一般性地论述诗人与外物的触遇兴感,而是在对主客体双方在要素分析基础上阐发其感兴的创作论的。在主体方面是胸襟与才识、胆力,在客体方面则是理、事、情。从感兴论的传统来看,叶燮对审美主体的分析与建构具有非常重要的理论意义,对当代中国美学理论建设具有深刻的借鉴价值。

Ye Xie in the Qing dynasty occupies an important position in the history of ancient literary criticism and his work On Poetry is appraised well. Ye Xie's theory of poetry is more systematic,marking the beginning of Chinese theory of poetry. In creation,he attaches importance to the feeling,and this feeling must come from the touch of the outside things; in subject,the author should have talent,knowledge,courage and power; in object,there should be principle,events and appearances. In the tradition of feeling,Ye Xie's analysis and construction of aesthetical subject can be used as valuable references in China's construction of aesthetical theory today.