中国传统知识生成和传承的认知取向

The Source and Passing on of China's Traditional Knowledge

传统知识是中国文化的基本组成部分。本文基于由当代认知科学等学科的研究成果所提供的新视角,并以古希腊的知识传统和近代科学作为参照,系统地探究了中国传统知识生成和传承的认知取向。本文认为,传统知识是自然认知的产物,而自然认知过程中表征方式的差异会影响知识的具体类型和内容。与以字母文字为特征的表音语言相比,汉语语言文字更倾向于强化心智的类比表征,而难以成为表征基于纯思的命题知识的有效手段。语言与思维是一个相互影响和相互强化的过程,其结果是,中国的传统知识囿于经验和实用的范围,而古希腊的传统知识中却衍生出与经验相分离的理性维度。

Traditional knowledge is a basic component of Chinese culture. This paper thinks that traditional knowledge comes from nature and the different ways of knowing nature lead to the different categories and contents. Compared with the alphabet writing,Chinese characters are inclined to strengthening vivid images,but it is difficult for them to become a kind of logic thought. The process of language and thinking can mutually influence and strengthen in the result that China's traditional knowledge is limited in the sphere of experience and application but Greek traditional knowledge is not.