战时平民保护的“上海模式”——“难民之父”饶家驹与他的上海难民区

“Shanghai Style”of Protections for Civilians during Wartime:Robert Jacquinot de Besange and the Safety Zone in Shanghai

1937年11月,法国人饶家驹以他的博爱、坚韧、独创、才华与责任心,在上海创立战时平民救护的难民区——饶家驹区,延续至1940年6月,保护了30多万中国难民,被称为"难民之父"、"中国之友"。这个"上海模式"推广到南京、汉口、广州,乃至法国、德国,并推动日内瓦第四公约的订立,战时保护平民成为各国的共识,从而推动了人类文明的进步。饶家驹的"博爱主义"、"慈善行为"、奉献精神、慈悲情怀的高尚人格,超越了国家、种族、宗教与党派。他的名言是"我将为不幸的人,尽最后的力量!"他是20世纪世界人道主义的光辉典范。

The Frenchman,Jacquinot(Robert Charles Emile Jacquinot de Besange,1878-1946)set up safety zones in Shanghai from September 1937 to June 1940 during the Japanese intrusion and rescued 300,000 Chinese refugees,so that he was regarded as'father of refugees'and 'friend of China'.Meanwhile,he also set up safety zones in Nanjing,Hankou,and Guangzhou and even in France and Germany.The safety zones he created directly contributed to the revision of the Fourth Geneva Convention after the war and the idea of protections for civilians during wartime has been universally accepted.Fraternity,charity,devotion and sympathy advocated and exercised by Jacquinot transcend nations,races,religions and parties.Therefore,he was regarded as the model of international humanitarian in the 20 th century.