北京城区地表沉降监测与时空演化特征分析

Monitoring and Space-time Evolution Characteristic Analysis of Earth Surface Subsidence in Beijing

地表沉降是我国平原地区的主要地质灾害,已经成为制约我国社会、经济可持续发展的重要灾种之一,是地理国情监测的重要监测内容之一。北京市作为我国首都,是拥有2000多万人口的特大型都市,城区人口密集,地下交通与市政管网发达,是重要的全国铁路公路交通枢纽,因此积极开展该地区地表沉降监测的研究与应用对城市的发展与安全具有重大意义。该文应用合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量DInSAR新技术之一的短基线集法,获取北京城区地表沉降的范围、时间序列累积沉降量和年平均形变速率等信息,针对监测结果进行了形变中心时空演化特征、影响因素的分析,为城市规划制定、国土资源开发及大型工程建设等提供参考依据,为政府部门掌握区域地面沉降的空间分布及变化规律、制定科学有效的沉降防控措施具有重要意义。

The earth surface subsidence is the main geological disaster in plain area in China,which has become one of the most serious disasters restricting the social and economic sustainable development.As the capital of China,Beijing is a centuried megalopolis with a population more than 20 million and has a high population density in the urban area.There are a lot of underground traffic lines and complicated municipal pipeline network.Meanwhile,Beijing is an important traffic hub for national railway and highway network.This paper used Small Baseline Subset (SBAS)method rather than traditional Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR)technique to obtain the scope,time series cumulative settlement and the average velocity of deformation of the earth surface subsidence in Beijing.It analyzed space-time evolution characteristics and influence factors by using the deformation monitoring results.The research and application of surface subsidence monitoring is significant to the development and security of the city.