乌兰布和沙漠梭梭林不同管护措施效果分析

Evaluation of different managements in Haloxylon ammodendron forest in Ulan Buh Desert

对乌兰布和沙漠梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)林封育区、轮牧区和未封育区3种管护类型的植被特征及病虫害进行了调查,分析了不同管护措施下的群落和种群特征。结果表明,封育区梭梭生长好于轮牧区的,轮牧区又好于未封育区的;群落均匀度和多样性指数大小顺序为封育区>轮牧区>未封育区,而生态优势度则相反;封育区和轮牧区梭梭种群年龄结构均表现为增长型,未封育区梭梭年龄结构表现为稳定性。乌兰布和沙漠梭梭林采取封育和轮牧措施能够促进梭梭正常生长,是较为理想的管护类型。

The vegetation,disease and pest were investigated and community and population characteristics were analyzed to evaluate the different management measures(enclosed,rotational grazing and non-enclosed) in Haloxylon ammodendron forest in Ulan Buh desert.The results showed that the growth of H.ammodendron in the enclosed area was better than those in rotational grazing area which was better than those in non-enclosed area.The community diversity index and evenness index decreased with were following order:enclosed area > the rotational grazing area > the non-enclosed area whereas the ecological dominance reversed in this order.Age structures of the enclosed and rotational grazing area were growth type and that of the non-enclosed area was stable type.Enclosed and rotational grazing management can promote growth of H.ammodendron which were reasonable management types.